The Charter of the United Nations: First world constitution in the history of human mankind

United Nations Charter: A Constitution
for the first World State of human mankind 

Between 25 April 1945 and 26 June 1945 took place in San Francisco the conference called by United States, United Kingdom and USSR in order to build United Nations Organisation. At the conference were present 51 countries representing a new world much more less eurocentric and much more pluralistic than ever. They wrote the United Nations Charter: first world constitution of human mankind history builidng the first World State of human mankind history, So United Nations Organisation was defined following traditional division of powers formed by a parliament (General Assembly), a executive (Security Council) and a court (International Court of Justice):

General Assembly: Parliamentary body of the World State formed by all member states meeting anually. Its functions are deliberation on world issues, threats against world peace, international law and electing members of UN executive, judiciary and other bodies. 

Security Council: Formed by 11 members being 6 of them non permanent members elected for two years and 5 permanent members (United States, USSR, United Kingdom, China and France) breaking world equity principle estabhlised in the article 1 of the World Constitution. It's the UN executive body taking decisions about the manteinance of world peace and security. 

Economic and Social Council: Formed by 18 members its main function is implementing economic and social issues decisions took by General Assembly, 

Trusteeship Council: Organic body formed with the aim of manage trusteeship territories administered by United Nations or member states in the name of UN. 

Secretary General: Elected by 2/3 of General Assembly members for a five year term it's the top administrative and protocolary representative of the United Nations. 

On June 26 1945 all 51 states present at San Francisco Conference signed the first World Constitution of the history of human mankind. It needed the ratification of 26 countries. This happened nearly four months later. So, on October 24 1945 the first World State in the history of human mankind came to life.. 

Yalta Conference: the road towards formal UN constitution

USA, USSR and UK agreed in Yalta to call San Francisco
Conference to build United Nations Organization

In February 1945 US president Franklin D.Rooselvelt, british prime minister Winston Churchill and USSR chief of state Iosif Stalin met in the soviet city of Yalta calling for a conference in San Francisco aimed to the creation of the United Nations Organisation. World War II was coming to an end and it was the time to build the new world order defined at the Atlantic Charter in 1941. Between 1942 and 1945 a total number of 47 countries signed the Declaration of the United Nations being invited to the San Francisco Conference in order to build a new world less euocentric and much more pluralistic than ever. 

Dumbarton Oaks Conference: defining United Nations Organisation

Dumbarton Oaks Conference: defining United
Nations Organisation 

From 22nd August 1944 until 9th October 1944 representatives from United States, United Kingdom, USSR and China met in Dumbarton Oaks (USA) during two months to draw the new world organization defined in the Declaration of Moscow. This organization will be named as The United Nations Organization (UNO) reflecting world hegemony of allies values formed by the following institutions:

- General Assembly: Parliamentary institution of UN formed by all member states meeting anually to talk about topics of world interest and to elect new member states, non permanent members of the Security Council, General Secretary, Economic and Social Council members and International Court of Justice members. 

-Security Council: Executive institution of the United Nations formed by 11 members: 5  permanent  members and 6 non permanent members taking decisions to guarantee world peace, security and  stability. 

-Economic and Security Council: Formed by 18 members for implementing economic and social 

 issues decisions approved by General Assembly. 

-International Court of Justice: Judiciary institution of United Nations formed by 10 members to 

  solve controversies between member states. 

So United Nations was aimed to act as a World State in order to guarantee world peace and stability organising the world and developing it through economic and social objectives. But distinction between Security Council non permanent and permanent members represented a violation of one of the core principles of the new world order established in the Atlantic Charter based on equity between states. After II World War the world will be ruled by five superpowers: United States, United Kingdom, France, USSR and China. 

The Declaration of Moscow: the formal death of the Society of Nations

On 30th October 1943 USA, UK, USSR and China
decided to build a new world organization 

On October 30th 1943 United States, United Kingdom, USSR and China meet in Moscow to decide the creation of a world organization by guaranteeing world peace and security and implementing new world order designed by United States and United Kingdom in the Atlantic Charter. So, the Declaration of Moscow solved the doubt about this world organization because it hasn't been named in the Atlantic Charter and the Declaration of the United Nations, pending the doubt about the creation of a new organization or the revival of the Society of Nations inactive from the outbreak of II World War in 1939. 

The Declaration of the United Nations: when the word United Nations became a reality

Declaration of United Nations was
official denomination of Allied
powers 

On 1st January 1942 the Declaration of the United Nations was drafted in Washington. This declaration was based on two main points:

- United Nations accepted to follow war effors until defeating Axis powers. 

- No United Nations signatory will conclude a peace agreement with Axis powers freely. 

This declaration represented official born of United Nations concept as official denomination of Allied powers formed by United States, United Kingdom, France, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Poland, Czecoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Greece, USSR, China, Australia, New Zealand, India, Canada, Cuba, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama and Costa Rica. 26 countries formed by british and american satellites but also for european countries invaded by Germany and
                                                    Italy.

The Atlantic Charter: the end of world british century

Atlantic Charter; staeting a world american 

era based on idealism, free trade and progressive capitalism 

On 14th August 1941 US president Franklin D.Rooselvelt and british prime minister Winston Churchill met in US aircrat Augusta in the middle of Atlantic Ocean in order to design new world order after II Word War in the case of allied victory. This new world order was based on five premises:

- No territorial gains for allied countries at the expense of defeated Axis powers.

- No border changes without the will of affected population expressed by referendum

- International relations based on equity and respect between countries as a basis for world peace
  and stability.

-New world economic order based on free trade and public intervention in order to promote human development and social prosperity.

Atlantic Charter represented the end of world british hegemony after 150 years, substituted by world american hegemony characterised by a new vision based on idealism and progressive capitalism. By contrast british world hegemony was based on realism and ortodox capitalism characterised by no public intervention in economy being responsible of misery, social polarisation, depauperation, ignorance, radicalisation, totalitarism and World War I and II in only 20 years. So, Atlantic Charter represented american rectification for a idealistic and progressive new world order able to promote prosperity and peace, approved by Allied Council on 24th September 1941 in London ann subscribed by United States, United Kingdom, France, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Poland, Czecoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Greece and USSR.